Malevich exhibited his first Black Square, now at the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow, at the Last Futurist Exhibition 0,10 in Petrograd (Saint Petersburg) in 1915. A black square placed against the sun appeared for the first time in the 1913 scenic designs for the Futurist opera Victory over the Sun.

In 1915, Malevich laid down the foundations of Suprematism when he published his manifesto: From Cubism to Suprematism. He worked with other Suprematist artists in a artisan co-operative in Skoptsi and Verbovka village. He participated in exhibitions of the Jack of Diamonds group.

Rurik’s brothers died within two years, so he claimed their territory and established Novgorod as the capital of his domain. After Rurik died, his successor Prince Oleg of Novgorod captured the city of Kiev in 882 and moved the capital from Novgorod to Kiev. In addition to capturing new territories to increase the size of Kievan Rus, Oleg also increased its wealth by negotiating a favorable trade deal with Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire. Archaeological discoveries in the region support the Russian Primary Chronicle’s historical account of Vikings in the region. Historians cautions readers.

American statesmen like Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson were no strangers to the backroom deals and soap-opera plot lines of 18th-century European politics. Gift-giving was common practice among foreign dignitaries, as was bestowing of nobility titles on foreign political friends. Intermarriage of royal families was another classic way to bind the interests of two nations together. If the US was going to be different, the framers needed a founding document that fully recognized and defended against the corrupting influence of foreign money and power, particularly on the president.